科技大爆炸

1 英语原文

动力粘度：Dynamic (absolute) Viscosity

2 单词解释

Dynamics, branch of physical science and subdivision of mechanics that is concerned with the motion of material objects in relation to the physical factors that affect them: force, mass, momentum, and energy.

动力学，物理科学的分支和力学的一个分支，研究物质物体与影响它们的物理因素（力、质量、动量和能量）的关系。

Dynamics is distinguished from kinematics, which describes motion, without regard to its causes, in terms of position, velocity, and acceleration, and kinetics, which is concerned with the effect of forces and torques on the motion of bodies having mass. The foundations of dynamics were laid at the end of the 16th century by Galileo, who, by experimenting with a smooth ball rolling down an inclined plane, derived the law of motion for falling bodies; he was also the first to recognize that force is the cause of changes in the velocity of a body, a fact formulated by Isaac Newton in the 17th century in his second law of motion. This law states that the force acting on a body is equal to the rate of change of the body’s momentum. See also Newton’s laws of motion.

动力学与运动学不同，运动学描述运动，而不考虑其原因，根据位置，速度和加速度。动力学，涉及力和力矩对具有质量的物体运动的影响。伽利略在16世纪末奠定了动力学的基础，他通过实验一个光滑的球在斜面上滚动，推导出了落体的运动定律，他也是第一个认识到力是物体速度变化的原因的人，这是艾萨克·牛顿在17世纪在他的第二运动定律中阐述的事实。这个定律指出，作用在物体上的力等于物体动量的变化率。另见牛顿运动定律。

3 英文定义

Absolute viscosity - coefficient of absolute viscosity - is a measure of internal resistance. Dynamic (absolute) viscosity is the tangential force per unit area required to move one horizontal plane with respect to an other plane - at an unit velocity - when maintaining an unit distance apart in the fluid.

绝对粘度-绝对粘度系数-是内部阻力的量度。动力（绝对）粘度是当在流体中保持单位距离时，使一个水平面相对于另一个平面以单位速度移动所需的每单位面积的切向力。

参考文献

• https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/dynamic-absolute-kinematic-viscosity-d_412.html
• https://www.britannica.com/science/dynamics-physics