1 英语原意

调幅 AM:Amplitude Modulation,调频 FM: Frequency Modulation

Radio 无线电波信号传播方式,调幅 AM:Amplitude Modulation,调频 FM: Frequency Modulation

2 英文解释

2.1 Amplitude 

noun (CURVE)[ C usually singular ]   PHYSICS   specialized

the distance between the top and the bottom of a wave

幅度;振幅;波幅

2.2 Frequency

frequency noun (LIGHT/SOUND/RADIO)

[ U ] PHYSICS  specialized

the number of times that a wave, especially a light, sound, or radio wave, is produced within a particular period, especially one second

(尤指声波或无线电波每秒振动的)频率

2.3 modulation noun (SIGNALS)

[ C or U ]   MEDIA, PHYSICS   specialized

the process of changing the amplitude or frequency of an electrical signal by mixing it with another signal, or a signal that has been changed like this

(对电波信号的)调制

With traditional radar, the modulation and frequency of the signal can be fine-tuned to produce the easiest-to-read echo.

使用传统雷达,可以对信号的调制和频率进行微调,以产生最容易读取的回波。

3 中文解释

幅度调制 (AM) 通过改变载波的幅度来编码信息。调频 (FM) 通过改变载波的频率来传送信息。 FM 不易受幅度变化和噪声的影响,提供比 AM 更好的信号质量。

  • AM(Amplitude Modulation)无线电信号通过改变载波的幅度来传输信息,更容易受到噪声和干扰,导致音质较低。
  • FM(调频)无线电信号通过改变载波频率来传达信息,提供更好的音质和抗干扰性,但与 AM 信号相比范围更有限。
  • AM 和 FM 之间的主要区别在于它们的调制技术,AM 调整幅度而 FM 改变频率,这会影响信号范围、音质和抗干扰性。

4 AM 和 FM 之间的主要区别

AM versus FM comparison chart
 AMFM
Stands for AM stands for Amplitude Modulation FM stands for Frequency Modulation
Origin AM method of audio transmission was first successfully carried out in the mid 1870s. FM radio was developed in the United states in the 1930s, mainly by Edwin Armstrong.
Modulating differences In AM, a radio wave known as the "carrier" or "carrier wave" is modulated in amplitude by the signal that is to be transmitted. The frequency and phase remain the same. In FM, a radio wave known as the "carrier" or "carrier wave" is modulated in frequency by the signal that is to be transmitted. The amplitude and phase remain the same.
Pros and cons AM has poorer sound quality compared with FM, but is cheaper and can be transmitted over long distances. It has a lower bandwidth so it can have more stations available in any frequency range. FM is less prone to interference than AM. However, FM signals are impacted by physical barriers. FM has better sound quality due to higher bandwidth.
Frequency Range AM radio ranges from 535 to 1705 KHz (OR) Up to 1200 bits per second. FM radio ranges in a higher spectrum from 88 to 108 MHz. (OR) 1200 to 2400 bits per second.
Bandwidth Requirements Twice the highest modulating frequency. In AM radio broadcasting, the modulating signal has bandwidth of 15kHz, and hence the bandwidth of an amplitude-modulated signal is 30kHz. Twice the sum of the modulating signal frequency and the frequency deviation. If the frequency deviation is 75kHz and the modulating signal frequency is 15kHz, the bandwidth required is 180kHz.
Zero crossing in modulated signal Equidistant Not equidistant
Complexity Transmitter and receiver are simple but syncronization is needed in case of SSBSC AM carrier. Tranmitter and reciver are more complex as variation of modulating signal has to beconverted and detected from corresponding variation in frequencies.(i.e. voltage to frequency and frequency to voltage conversion has to be done).
Noise AM is more susceptible to noise because noise affects amplitude, which is where information is "stored" in an AM signal. FM is less susceptible to noise because information in an FM signal is transmitted through varying the frequency, and not the amplitude.

调制方式:

AM(调幅): 通过改变载波的幅度来编码信息。

FM(调频): 通过改变载波的频率来传递信息。

对噪音的敏感性:

AM: 更容易受到幅度变化和噪声的影响,从而影响信号质量。

FM: 不易受幅度变化和噪声影响,提供更好的信号质量。

信号质量:

AM: 容易出现失真和干扰,特别是在长距离传输时。

FM: 提供改进的信号质量,使其适合高保真音频传输和通信。

带宽使用情况:

AM: 与 FM 相比,占用更窄的频率带宽。

FM: 需要更宽的频率带宽,允许传输更多信息。

幅度与频率变化:

AM: 信息被编码在载波的幅度变化中。

FM: 信息被编码在载波的频率变化中。

应用:

AM: 常用于中波和短波无线电广播。

FM: 广泛应用于高质量音频广播、双向无线电通信和雷达系统。

传输范围:

AM: 长距离传输是可能的,但对噪声的敏感性增加。

FM: 更适合中距离通信,对噪声的敏感性较低。

接收器复杂度:

AM: 简单的接收器可以解调和检索信息。

FM: 由于频率变化,需要更复杂的接收器进行解调。

恒定幅度:

AM: 载波的幅度变化,影响信号的一致性。

FM: 保持恒定的幅度,有助于信号稳定性。

频率偏差与幅度调制:

AM: 信息被编码在幅度变化中,与输入信号的幅度直接相关。

FM: 信息被编码在频率变化中,与输入信号的频率直接相关。

Radio 无线电波信号传播方式,调幅 AM:Amplitude Modulation,调频 FM: Frequency Modulation

参考文献:

  1. https://askanydifference.com/zh-CN/difference-between-am-and-fm/
  2. https://www.diffen.com/difference/AM_vs_FM
  3. https://radiofidelity.com/the-history-of-fm-radio/

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